· Current Research Status of Ozone Advanced Oxidation Technology

In recent years, significant progress has been made internationally in the application research of ozone advanced oxidation technology (AOTs), also known as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). This technology combines ozone oxidation with various water treatment techniques, forming hydroxyl radicals (with an oxidation-reduction potential of 2.80 V), which are stronger in oxidation and have lower reaction selectivity. Compared to conventional water treatment methods, ozone advanced oxidation technology has significant advantages, such as effective treatment of biologically hard-to-degrade substances, fast degradation speed, small land occupation, high automation, no secondary pollution, and low generation of floating sludge and sewage. It has been widely applied in industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, textiles, steel, and water supply. 

In 1896, Meritens was the first to use ozone as a disinfectant in drinking water treatment. In 1906, the Bon Voyage water plant in Nice was considered the "birthplace of drinking water ozonation." By the late 1970s, ozone was still mainly used for disinfection, primarily in France and other countries. In recent years, ozone oxidation technology has been widely applied, demonstrating significant advantages in disinfection, deodorization, decolorization, removal of difficult-to-degrade organic compounds, and improving coagulation effects. Ozone has been effectively applied in removing the color from dye wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, and paper mill wastewater. Ozone can degrade large molecules containing chromophore groups into smaller molecules, effectively removing them. For instance, in a study by Part et al., ozone was used to decolorize the bleaching wastewater of kraft paper mills by introducing 32.4 mg/L ozone into a continuously running column reactor with a 3-minute retention time, completely removing the color. 

Yu Wang and others researched using high-frequency ceramic surface discharge ozone technology for treating printing and dyeing wastewater. When the reaction contact time was 10 hours and the pH was 7-8, the COD removal rate reached 86.6%, and the decolorization rate reached 98.4%. Ozone should be controlled at pH ≤ 7 during decolorization to slow down ozone decomposition and increase OH· generation, thereby improving ozone utilization. According to Lihua Jin's experiments on using ozone for the oxidation treatment of integrated wastewater from Renault's French plant, ozone can improve the biodegradability of the wastewater. With a gas production rate controlled at 16 L/h, an ozone supply rate of 1 kg/h, and a pH of 10, after 2 hours of ozone oxidation, the COD removal rate reached 60%. In recent years, ozone has also been used in the deep treatment of municipal sewage. The ozone dosage is generally 10-20 mg/L, and the contact time is 5-20 minutes. This treatment reduces COD by 40%, BOD by 70%, SS by 60%, ammonia nitrogen by 20%, carcinogens by 80%, and color by 90%. Japan has developed a micro-ozone bubble wastewater treatment device, which has been successfully applied. The micro-ozone bubbles produced by this device have a very small particle size, only 10-100 μm, and the contact area between the bubbles and wastewater increases by 2,000 to 4,000 times. Ozone solubility increases by 5 times, ensuring full utilization of ozone while also providing excellent stirring. This device has reduced costs and improved efficiency, and is now used for wastewater treatment in food, livestock, and seafood processing plants. With the development of ozone technology applications, ozone research and applications have become an independent industry internationally, with broad application prospects. 

· Recent Technological Advancements

Based on the development of the Cyclonic Dissolved Gas Flotation Unit (CDFU), Shenzhen Clear Science & Technology Co., Ltd (SINOKLE) has innovatively integrated ozone advanced oxidation technology into it, forming a high-efficiency combined technology of ozone advanced oxidation and cyclonic dissolved gas flotation. This technology is a proprietary patent of the SINOKLE, with international advanced technical levels, and currently holds more than 10 patents, including one international patent and three Chinese invention patents. 

Building on the ozone advanced oxidation and centrifugal dissolved gas flotation technology, the SINOKLE has further developed the Cyclonic Dissolved Ozone Flotation Unit (CDOF). This device integrates technologies such as ultrasonic catalytic ozone oxidation, chemical flocculation, hydraulic cavitation, centrifugal, and dissolved gas flotation, significantly improving ozone utilization, accelerating the ozone oxidation reaction, and enabling rapid, efficient, and low-cost reduction of pollutants in water (difficult-to-degrade organic substances, dissolved oils, decolorization, etc.). Simultaneously, through ozone oxidation and flocculation, the cyclonic dissolved gas flotation effectively removes colloidal and dissolved organic substances (which cannot be removed by flotation alone), greatly enhancing the flotation separation effect, achieving high-efficiency and comprehensive treatment of various difficult-to-treat wastewater pollutants.